Low cost Photovoltaics -- R&D for the Solar Energy Industry

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R&D/Manufacturing Facilities Equipment


X-ray Fluorescence spectrometerISET's laboratories are housed in a   23,000 ft2 facility north of Los Angeles in Chatsworth, California. 

For the purpose of performing R&D and product development, ISET's labs are well equipped for the deposition, processing, and analysis of thin-film materials and active devices by a variety of methods.

For the preparation, analysis and characterization of ISET's patented pigment powders and inks, the laboratory is equipped with rotary ball mills, low and high temperature furnaces, a viscometer, a surface area analyzer and a zeta potential analyser with particle size measurement capability. Several tube furnaces with automated gas flow control systems are available specially designed to carry out reduction (using H2/N2 gas mixture) and selenization/sulfidation (using H2Se and H2S gases) for processing thin films into solar devices. ISET has also set up larger 6" diameter tube furnaces for processing large area cells and modules.  A walk-in fume hood connected to a scrubbing system of 1000-cfm capacity and a continuous toxic gas monitor are also available for safety purposes. The laboratory is also equipped with a belt furnace, several tube and box furnaces with programmable temperature controllers.  

For general chemical processing, the laboratory has several chemical hoods, potentiostats/galvanostats, coulometers, plating tanks with level and temperature controllers, pH meters, circulation pumps, standard and analytical balances and electrolytic cells. The laboratory has DI and distilled water systems and a small machine shop. For general analytical needs, the laboratory has an atomic absorption (AA) spectrophotometer, a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a polarograph.  The laboratory recently expanded capabilities to include a state-of-the-art thermal analysis instrument with simultaneous TGA/DTA capabilities and an X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer for the bulk elemental analysis of solids, liquids and loose powders.

Simultaneous DTA/TGA Thermal Analysis instrumentOptical microscopes, a profilometer (thickness measurement system), a 4-point probe and a photolithography room complete with spin-coater, exposer, laminar flow hood, and oven are also available in the laboratory.  For thin-film deposition, systems available at ISET include a screen printer, a knife edge coater, thermal vacuum evaporator, an e-beam evaporator, a cryo-pumped 4-target RF/DC sputtering system that can coat up to 1 ft2 area substrates.  ISET also has a low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) system to coat transparent conducting oxides such as ZnO on substrates as large as 1 ft2.

Module fabrication facilities include furnaces, a computer controlled mechanical scriber and a PV module lamination facility. For device characterization and evaluation, all necessary electronic equipment such as multimeters, power supplies, lock in amplifier, environmental chamber are available in house. There is a computer controlled solar cell measurement system with a solar simulator which allows us to test our solar devices in-house. ISET's labs are fully equipped to process thin-film solar cells and modules using a variety of vacuum and non-vacuum coating techniques and a number of optical and electronic characterization techniques.

International Solar Electric Technology, Inc.


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